Section 11 in Foundation

This module covers the tests for parsing schema and DDL statements.

> module Language.SQL.SimpleSQL.SQL2011Schema (sql2011SchemaTests) where

> import Language.SQL.SimpleSQL.TestTypes
> import Language.SQL.SimpleSQL.Syntax

> sql2011SchemaTests :: TestItem
> sql2011SchemaTests = Group "sql 2011 schema tests"
>     [


11.1 <schema definition>

<schema definition> ::=
  CREATE SCHEMA <schema name clause>
      [ <schema character set or path> ]
      [ <schema element>... ]

>      (TestStatement SQL2011 "create schema my_schema"
>      $ CreateSchema [Name "my_schema"])

todo: schema name can have .
schema name can be quoted iden or unicode quoted iden

<schema character set or path> ::=
    <schema character set specification>
  | <schema path specification>
  | <schema character set specification> <schema path specification>
  | <schema path specification> <schema character set specification>

<schema name clause> ::=
    <schema name>
  | AUTHORIZATION <schema authorization identifier>
  | <schema name> AUTHORIZATION <schema authorization identifier>

<schema authorization identifier> ::=
  <authorization identifier>

<schema character set specification> ::=
  DEFAULT CHARACTER SET <character set specification>

<schema path specification> ::=
  <path specification>

<schema element> ::=
      <table definition>
  |   <view definition>
  |   <domain definition>
  |   <character set definition>
  |   <collation definition>
  |   <transliteration definition>
  |   <assertion definition>
  |   <trigger definition>
  |   <user-defined type definition>
  |   <user-defined cast definition>
  |   <user-defined ordering definition>
  |   <transform definition>
  |   <schema routine>
  |   <sequence generator definition>
  |   <grant statement>
  |   <role definition>


11.2 <drop schema statement>

<drop schema statement> ::=
  DROP SCHEMA <schema name> <drop behavior>

<drop behavior> ::=
    CASCADE
  | RESTRICT


>     ,(TestStatement SQL2011 "drop schema my_schema"
>      $ DropSchema [Name "my_schema"] DefaultDropBehaviour)
>     ,(TestStatement SQL2011 "drop schema my_schema cascade"
>      $ DropSchema [Name "my_schema"] Cascade)
>     ,(TestStatement SQL2011 "drop schema my_schema restrict"
>      $ DropSchema [Name "my_schema"] Restrict)

11.3 <table definition>


<table definition> ::=
  CREATE [ <table scope> ] TABLE <table name> <table contents source>
      [ WITH <system versioning clause> ]
      [ ON COMMIT <table commit action> ROWS ]

     ,(TestStatement SQL2011 "create table ( a int )"


<table contents source> ::=
    <table element list>
  | <typed table clause>
  | <as subquery clause>

<table scope> ::=
  <global or local> TEMPORARY

<global or local> ::=
    GLOBAL
  | LOCAL

<system versioning clause> ::=
  SYSTEM VERSIONING

<table commit action> ::=
    PRESERVE
  | DELETE

<table element list> ::=
  <left paren> <table element> [ { <comma> <table element> }... ] <right paren>

<table element> ::=
    <column definition>
  | <table period definition>
  | <table constraint definition>
  | <like clause>

<typed table clause> ::=
  OF <path-resolved user-defined type name> [ <subtable clause> ]
      [ <typed table element list> ]

<typed table element list> ::=
  <left paren> <typed table element>
      [ { <comma> <typed table element> }... ] <right paren>

<typed table element> ::=
    <column options>
  | <table constraint definition>
  | <self-referencing column specification>

<self-referencing column specification> ::=
  REF IS <self-referencing column name> [ <reference generation> ]

<reference generation> ::=
    SYSTEM GENERATED
  | USER GENERATED
  | DERIVED

<self-referencing column name> ::=
  <column name>

<column options> ::=
  <column name> WITH OPTIONS <column option list>

<column option list> ::=
  [ <scope clause> ] [ <default clause> ] [ <column constraint definition>... ]

<subtable clause> ::=
  UNDER <supertable clause>

<supertable clause> ::=
  <supertable name>

<supertable name> ::=
  <table name>

<like clause> ::=
  LIKE <table name> [ <like options> ]

<like options> ::=
  <like option>...

<like option> ::=
    <identity option>
  | <column default option>
  | <generation option>

<identity option> ::=
    INCLUDING IDENTITY
  | EXCLUDING IDENTITY

<column default option> ::=
    INCLUDING DEFAULTS
  | EXCLUDING DEFAULTS

<generation option> ::=
    INCLUDING GENERATED
  | EXCLUDING GENERATED

<as subquery clause> ::=
  [ <left paren> <column name list> <right paren> ] AS <table subquery>
      <with or without data>

<with or without data> ::=
    WITH NO DATA
  | WITH DATA

<table period definition> ::=
  <system or application time period specification>
      <left paren> <period begin column name> <comma> <period end column name> <right paren>

<system or application time period specification> ::=
    <system time period specification>
  | <application time period specification>

<system time period specification> ::=
  PERIOD FOR SYSTEM_TIME

<application time period specification> ::=
  PERIOD FOR <application time period name>

<application time period name> ::=
  <identifier>

<period begin column name> ::=
  <column name>

<period end column name> ::=
  <column name>


11.4 <column definition>

<column definition> ::=
  <column name> [ <data type or domain name> ]
      [ <default clause> | <identity column specification> | <generation clause>
      | <system time period start column specification>
      | <system time period end column specification> ]
      [ <column constraint definition>... ]
      [ <collate clause> ]

<data type or domain name> ::=
    <data type>
  | <domain name>

<system time period start column specification> ::=
  <timestamp generation rule> AS ROW START

<system time period end column specification> ::=
  <timestamp generation rule> AS ROW END

<timestamp generation rule> ::=
  GENERATED ALWAYS

<column constraint definition> ::=
  [ <constraint name definition> ] <column constraint> [ <constraint characteristics> ]

<column constraint> ::=
    NOT NULL
  | <unique specification>
  | <references specification>
  | <check constraint definition>

<identity column specification> ::=
  GENERATED { ALWAYS | BY DEFAULT } AS IDENTITY
      [ <left paren> <common sequence generator options> <right paren> ]

<generation clause> ::=
  <generation rule> AS <generation expression>

<generation rule> ::=
  GENERATED ALWAYS

<generation expression> ::=
  <left paren> <value expression> <right paren>


11.5 <default clause>

<default clause> ::=
  DEFAULT <default option>

<default option> ::=
    <literal>
  | <datetime value function>
  | USER
  | CURRENT_USER
  | CURRENT_ROLE
  | SESSION_USER
  | SYSTEM_USER
  | CURRENT_CATALOG
  | CURRENT_SCHEMA
  | CURRENT_PATH
  | <implicitly typed value specification>



11.6 <table constraint definition>

<table constraint definition> ::=
  [ <constraint name definition> ] <table constraint>
      [ <constraint characteristics> ]

<table constraint> ::=
    <unique constraint definition>
  | <referential constraint definition>
  | <check constraint definition>

11.7 <unique constraint definition>

<unique constraint definition> ::=
    <unique specification> <left paren> <unique column list> [ <comma> <without overlap
    specification> ] <right paren>
  | UNIQUE ( VALUE )

<unique specification> ::=
    UNIQUE
  | PRIMARY KEY

<unique column list> ::=
  <column name list>

<without overlap specification> ::=
  <application time period name> WITHOUT OVERLAPS

11.8 <referential constraint definition>

<referential constraint definition> ::=
  FOREIGN KEY <left paren> <referencing column list>
      [ <comma> <referencing period specification> ] <right paren>
      <references specification>

<references specification> ::=
  REFERENCES <referenced table and columns>
      [ MATCH <match type> ] [ <referential triggered action> ]

<match type> ::=
    FULL
  | PARTIAL
  | SIMPLE

<referencing column list> ::=
  <column name list>

<referencing period specification> ::=
  PERIOD <application time period name>

<referenced table and columns> ::=
  <table name> [ <left paren> <referenced column list>
      [ <comma> <referenced period specification> ] <right paren> ]

<referenced column list> ::=
  <column name list>

<referenced period specification> ::=
  PERIOD <application time period name>

<referential triggered action> ::=
    <update rule> [ <delete rule> ]
  | <delete rule> [ <update rule> ]

<update rule> ::=
  ON UPDATE <referential action>

<delete rule> ::=
  ON DELETE <referential action>

<referential action> ::=
    CASCADE
  | SET NULL
  | SET DEFAULT
  | RESTRICT
  | NO ACTION

11.9 <check constraint definition>

<check  constraint definition> ::=
     CHECK <left paren> <search condition> <right paren>
11.10 <alter table statement>

<alter table statement> ::=
  ALTER TABLE <table name> <alter table action>

<alter table action> ::=
    <add column definition>
  | <alter column definition>
  | <drop column definition>
  | <add table constraint definition>
  | <alter table constraint definition>
  | <drop table constraint definition>
  | <add table period definition>
  | <drop table period definition>
  | <add system versioning clause>
  | <drop system versioning clause>

11.11 <add column definition>

<add column definition> ::=
  ADD [ COLUMN ] <column definition>

11.12 <alter column definition>

<alter column definition> ::=
  ALTER [ COLUMN ] <column name> <alter column action>

<alter column action> ::=
    <set column default clause>
  | <drop column default clause>
  | <set column not null clause>
  | <drop column not null clause>
  | <add column scope clause>
  | <drop column scope clause>
  | <alter column data type clause>
  | <alter identity column specification>
  | <drop identity property clause>
  | <drop column generation expression clause>


11.13 <set column default clause>

<set column default clause> ::=
  SET <default clause>

11.14 <drop column default clause>

<drop column default clause> ::=
  DROP DEFAULT


11.15 <set column not null clause>

<set column not null clause> ::=
  SET NOT NULL

11.16 <drop column not null clause>

<drop column not null clause> ::=
  DROP NOT NULL

11.17 <add column scope clause>

<add column scope clause> ::=
  ADD <scope clause>

11.18 <drop column scope clause>

<drop column scope clause> ::=
  DROP SCOPE <drop behavior>

11.19 <alter column data type clause>

<alter column data type clause> ::=
  SET DATA TYPE <data type>

11.20 <alter identity column specification>

<alter identity column specification> ::=
    <set identity column generation clause> [ <alter identity column option>... ]
  | <alter identity column option>...

<set identity column generation clause> ::=
  SET GENERATED { ALWAYS | BY DEFAULT }

<alter identity column option> ::=
    <alter sequence generator restart option>
  | SET <basic sequence generator option>

11.21 <drop identity property clause>

<drop identity property clause> ::=
  DROP IDENTITY

11.22 <drop column generation expression clause>

<drop column generation expression clause> ::=
  DROP EXPRESSION

11.23 <drop column definition>

<drop column definition> ::=
  DROP [ COLUMN ] <column name> <drop behavior>

11.24 <add table constraint definition>

<add table constraint definition> ::=
  ADD <table constraint definition>

11.25 <alter table constraint definition>
<alter table constraint definition> ::=
  ALTER CONSTRAINT <constraint name> <constraint enforcement>

11.26 <drop table constraint definition>

<drop table constraint definition> ::=
  DROP CONSTRAINT <constraint name> <drop behavior>

11.27 <add table period definition>

<add table period definition> ::=
  ADD <table period definition> [ <add system time period column list> ]

<add system time period column list> ::=
  ADD [ COLUMN ] <column definition 1> ADD [ COLUMN ] <column definition 2>

<column definition 1> ::=
  <column definition>

<column definition 2> ::=
  <column definition>

11.28 <drop table period definition>

<drop table period definition> ::=
  DROP <system or application time period specification> <drop behavior>

11.29 <add system versioning clause>

<add system versioning clause> ::=
  ADD <system versioning clause>

11.30 <drop system versioning clause>

<drop system versioning clause> ::=
  DROP SYSTEM VERSIONING <drop behavior>

11.31 <drop table statement>

<drop table statement> ::=
  DROP TABLE <table name> <drop behavior>

11.32 <view definition>

<view definition> ::=
  CREATE [ RECURSIVE ] VIEW <table name> <view specification>
      AS <query expression> [ WITH [ <levels clause> ] CHECK OPTION ]

<view specification> ::=
    <regular view specification>
  | <referenceable view specification>

<regular view specification> ::=
  [ <left paren> <view column list> <right paren> ]

<referenceable view specification> ::=
  OF <path-resolved user-defined type name> [ <subview clause> ]
      [ <view element list> ]

<subview clause> ::=
  UNDER <table name>

<view element list> ::=
  <left paren> <view element> [ { <comma> <view element> }... ] <right paren>

<view element> ::=
    <self-referencing column specification>
  | <view column option>

<view column option> ::=
  <column name> WITH OPTIONS <scope clause>

<levels clause> ::=
    CASCADED
  | LOCAL

<view column list> ::=
  <column name list>

11.33 <drop view statement>

<drop view statement> ::=
  DROP VIEW <table name> <drop behavior>

11.34 <domain definition>

<domain definition> ::=
  CREATE DOMAIN <domain name> [ AS ] <predefined type>
      [ <default clause> ]
      [ <domain constraint>... ]
      [ <collate clause> ]

<domain constraint> ::=
  [ <constraint name definition> ] <check constraint definition> [
      <constraint characteristics> ]

11.35 <alter domain statement>

<alter domain statement> ::=
  ALTER DOMAIN <domain name> <alter domain action>

<alter domain action> ::=
    <set domain default clause>
  | <drop domain default clause>
  | <add domain constraint definition>
  | <drop domain constraint definition>

11.36 <set domain default clause>

<set domain default clause> ::=
  SET <default clause>

11.37 <drop domain default clause>

<drop domain default clause> ::=
  DROP DEFAULT

11.38 <add domain constraint definition>

<add domain constraint definition> ::=
  ADD <domain constraint>

11.39 <drop domain constraint definition>

<drop domain constraint definition> ::=
  DROP CONSTRAINT <constraint name>

11.40 <drop domain statement>

<drop domain statement> ::=
  DROP DOMAIN <domain name> <drop behavior>

11.41 <character set definition>

<character set definition> ::=
  CREATE CHARACTER SET <character set name> [ AS ]
      <character set source> [ <collate clause> ]

<character set source> ::=
  GET <character set specification>

11.42 <drop character set statement>

<drop character set statement> ::=
  DROP CHARACTER SET <character set name>

11.43 <collation definition>

<collation definition> ::=
  CREATE COLLATION <collation name> FOR <character set specification>
      FROM <existing collation name> [ <pad characteristic> ]

<existing collation name> ::=
  <collation name>

<pad characteristic> ::=
    NO PAD
  | PAD SPACE

11.44 <drop collation statement>

<drop collation statement> ::=
  DROP COLLATION <collation name> <drop behavior>

11.45 <transliteration definition>

<transliteration definition> ::=
  CREATE TRANSLATION <transliteration name> FOR <source character set specification>
      TO <target character set specification> FROM <transliteration source>

<source character set specification> ::=
  <character set specification>

<target character set specification> ::=
  <character set specification>

<transliteration source> ::=
    <existing transliteration name>
  | <transliteration routine>

<existing transliteration name> ::=
  <transliteration name>

<transliteration routine> ::=
  <specific routine designator>

11.46 <drop transliteration statement>

<drop transliteration statement> ::=
  DROP TRANSLATION <transliteration name>

11.47 <assertion definition>

<assertion definition> ::=
     CREATE ASSERTION <constraint name>
         CHECK <left paren> <search condition> <right paren>
         [ <constraint characteristics> ]

11.48 <drop assertion statement>

<drop assertion statement> ::=
  DROP ASSERTION <constraint name> [ <drop behavior> ]

11.49 <trigger definition>

<trigger definition> ::=
  CREATE TRIGGER <trigger name> <trigger action time> <trigger event>
      ON <table name> [ REFERENCING <transition table or variable list> ]
      <triggered action>

<trigger action time> ::=
    BEFORE
  | AFTER
  | INSTEAD OF

<trigger event> ::=
    INSERT
  | DELETE
  | UPDATE [ OF <trigger column list> ]

<trigger column list> ::=
  <column name list>

<triggered action> ::=
  [ FOR EACH { ROW | STATEMENT } ]
      [ <triggered when clause> ]
      <triggered SQL statement>

<triggered when clause> ::=
  WHEN <left paren> <search condition> <right paren>

<triggered SQL statement> ::=
    <SQL procedure statement>
  | BEGIN ATOMIC { <SQL procedure statement> <semicolon> }... END

<transition table or variable list> ::=
  <transition table or variable>...

<transition table or variable> ::=
    OLD [ ROW ] [ AS     ] <old transition variable name>
  | NEW [ ROW ] [ AS     ] <new transition variable name>
  | OLD TABLE [ AS ]     <old transition table name>
  | NEW TABLE [ AS ]     <new transition table name>

<old transition table name> ::=
  <transition table name>

<new transition table name> ::=
  <transition table name>

<transition table name> ::=
  <identifier>

<old transition variable name> ::=
  <correlation name>

<new transition variable name> ::=
  <correlation name>

11.50 <drop trigger statement>

<drop trigger statement> ::=
  DROP TRIGGER <trigger name>

11.51 <user-defined type definition>

<user-defined type definition> ::=
  CREATE TYPE <user-defined type body>

 <user-defined type body> ::=
  <schema-resolved user-defined type name>
      [ <subtype clause> ]
      [ AS <representation> ]
      [ <user-defined type option list> ]
      [ <method specification list> ]

<user-defined type option list> ::=
  <user-defined type option> [ <user-defined type option>... ]

<user-defined type option> ::=
    <instantiable clause>
  | <finality>
  | <reference type specification>
  | <cast to ref>
  | <cast to type>
  | <cast to distinct>
  | <cast to source>

<subtype clause> ::=
  UNDER <supertype name>

<supertype name> ::=
  <path-resolved user-defined type name>

<representation> ::=
    <predefined type>
  | <collection type>
  | <member list>

<member list> ::=
  <left paren> <member> [ { <comma> <member> }... ] <right paren>

<member> ::=
  <attribute definition>

<instantiable clause> ::=
    INSTANTIABLE
  | NOT INSTANTIABLE

<finality> ::=
    FINAL
  | NOT FINAL

<reference type specification> ::=
    <user-defined representation>
  | <derived representation>
  | <system-generated representation>

<user-defined representation> ::=
  REF USING <predefined type>

<derived representation> ::=
  REF FROM <list of attributes>

<system-generated representation> ::=
  REF IS SYSTEM GENERATED

<cast to ref> ::=
  CAST <left paren> SOURCE AS REF <right paren> WITH <cast to ref identifier>

<cast to ref identifier> ::=
  <identifier>

<cast to type> ::=
  CAST <left paren> REF AS SOURCE <right paren> WITH <cast to type identifier>

<cast to type identifier> ::=
  <identifier>

<list of attributes> ::=
  <left paren> <attribute name> [ { <comma> <attribute name> }... ] <right paren>

<cast to distinct> ::=
  CAST <left paren> SOURCE AS DISTINCT <right paren>
      WITH <cast to distinct identifier>

<cast to distinct identifier> ::=
  <identifier>

<cast to source> ::=
  CAST <left paren> DISTINCT AS SOURCE <right paren>
      WITH <cast to source identifier>

<cast to source identifier> ::=
  <identifier>

<method specification list> ::=
  <method specification> [ { <comma> <method specification> }... ]

<method specification> ::=
    <original method specification>
  | <overriding method specification>

<original method specification> ::=
  <partial method specification> [ SELF AS RESULT ] [ SELF AS LOCATOR ]
      [ <method characteristics> ]

<overriding method specification> ::=
  OVERRIDING <partial method specification>
                                                                                1<partial method specification> ::=
  [ INSTANCE | STATIC | CONSTRUCTOR ]
      METHOD <method name> <SQL parameter declaration list>
      <returns clause>
      [ SPECIFIC <specific method name> ]

<specific method name> ::=
  [ <schema name> <period> ] <qualified identifier>

<method characteristics> ::=
  <method characteristic>...

 <method characteristic> ::=
         <language clause>
     |   <parameter style clause>
     |   <deterministic characteristic>
     |   <SQL-data access indication>
     |   <null-call clause>

11.52 <attribute definition>

<attribute definition> ::=
     <attribute name> <data type>
         [ <attribute default> ]
         [ <collate clause> ]

<attribute default> ::=
  <default clause>

11.53 <alter type statement>

<alter type statement> ::=
  ALTER TYPE <schema-resolved user-defined type name> <alter type action>

<alter type action> ::=
    <add attribute definition>
  | <drop attribute definition>
  | <add original method specification>
  | <add overriding method specification>
  | <drop method specification>

11.54 <add attribute definition>

<add attribute definition> ::=
  ADD ATTRIBUTE <attribute definition>

11.55 <drop attribute definition>

<drop attribute definition> ::=
  DROP ATTRIBUTE <attribute name> RESTRICT

11.56 <add original method specification>

<add original method specification> ::=
  ADD <original method specification>

11.57 <add overriding method specification>

<add overriding method specification> ::=
  ADD <overriding method specification>

11.58 <drop method specification>

<drop method specification> ::=
  DROP <specific method specification designator> RESTRICT

<specific method specification designator> ::=
  [ INSTANCE | STATIC | CONSTRUCTOR ]
      METHOD <method name> <data type list>

11.59 <drop data type statement>

<drop data type statement> ::=
  DROP TYPE <schema-resolved user-defined type name> <drop behavior>

11.60 <SQL-invoked routine>

<SQL-invoked routine> ::=
  <schema routine>

<schema routine> ::=
    <schema procedure>
  | <schema function>

<schema procedure> ::=
  CREATE <SQL-invoked procedure>

<schema function> ::=
  CREATE <SQL-invoked function>

<SQL-invoked procedure> ::=
  PROCEDURE <schema qualified routine name> <SQL parameter declaration list>
      <routine characteristics>
      <routine body>

<SQL-invoked function> ::=
  { <function specification> | <method specification designator> } <routine body>

<SQL parameter declaration list> ::=
  <left paren> [ <SQL parameter declaration>
      [ { <comma> <SQL parameter declaration> }... ] ] <right paren>

<SQL parameter declaration> ::=
  [ <parameter mode> ]
      [ <SQL parameter name> ]
      <parameter type> [ RESULT ]
      [ DEFAULT <parameter default> ]

<parameter default> ::=
    <value expression>
  | <contextually typed value specification>

<parameter mode> ::=
    IN
  | OUT
  | INOUT

<parameter type> ::=
  <data type> [ <locator indication> ]

<locator indication> ::=
  AS LOCATOR

<function specification> ::=
  FUNCTION <schema qualified routine name> <SQL parameter declaration list>
      <returns clause>
      <routine characteristics>
      [ <dispatch clause> ]

<method specification designator> ::=
    SPECIFIC METHOD <specific method name>
  | [ INSTANCE | STATIC | CONSTRUCTOR ]
      METHOD <method name> <SQL parameter declaration list>
      [ <returns clause> ]
      FOR <schema-resolved user-defined type name>

<routine characteristics> ::=
  [ <routine characteristic>... ]

<routine characteristic> ::=
    <language clause>
  | <parameter style clause>
  | SPECIFIC <specific name>
  | <deterministic characteristic>
  | <SQL-data access indication>
  | <null-call clause>
  | <returned result sets characteristic>
  | <savepoint level indication>

<savepoint level indication> ::=
    NEW SAVEPOINT LEVEL
  | OLD SAVEPOINT LEVEL

<returned result sets characteristic> ::=
  DYNAMIC RESULT SETS <maximum returned result sets>

<parameter style clause> ::=
  PARAMETER STYLE <parameter style>

<dispatch clause> ::=
  STATIC DISPATCH

<returns clause> ::=
  RETURNS <returns type>

<returns type> ::=
    <returns data type> [ <result cast> ]
  | <returns table type>

<returns table type> ::=
  TABLE <table function column list>

<table function column list> ::=
  <left paren> <table function column list element>
      [ { <comma> <table function column list element> }... ] <right paren>

<table function column list element> ::=
  <column name> <data type>

<result cast> ::=
  CAST FROM <result cast from type>

<result cast from type> ::=
  <data type> [ <locator indication> ]

<returns data type> ::=
  <data type> [ <locator indication> ]

<routine body> ::=
    <SQL routine spec>
  | <external body reference>

<SQL routine spec> ::=
  [ <rights clause> ] <SQL routine body>

<rights clause> ::=
    SQL SECURITY INVOKER
  | SQL SECURITY DEFINER

<SQL routine body> ::=
  <SQL procedure statement>

<external body reference> ::=
  EXTERNAL [ NAME <external routine name> ]
      [ <parameter style clause> ]
      [ <transform group specification> ]
      [ <external security clause> ]

<external security clause> ::=
    EXTERNAL SECURITY DEFINER
  | EXTERNAL SECURITY INVOKER
  | EXTERNAL SECURITY IMPLEMENTATION DEFINED

<parameter style> ::=
    SQL
  | GENERAL

<deterministic characteristic> ::=
    DETERMINISTIC
  | NOT DETERMINISTIC

<SQL-data access indication> ::=
    NO SQL
  | CONTAINS SQL
  | READS SQL DATA
  | MODIFIES SQL DATA

<null-call clause> ::=
    RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT
  | CALLED ON NULL INPUT

<maximum returned result sets> ::=
  <unsigned integer>

<transform group specification> ::=
  TRANSFORM GROUP { <single group specification> | <multiple group specification> }

<single group specification> ::=
  <group name>

<multiple group specification> ::=
  <group specification> [ { <comma> <group specification> }... ]

<group specification> ::=
  <group name> FOR TYPE <path-resolved user-defined type name>

11.61 <alter routine statement>

<alter routine statement> ::=
  ALTER <specific routine designator>
      <alter routine characteristics> <alter routine behavior>

<alter routine characteristics> ::=
  <alter routine characteristic>...

<alter routine characteristic> ::=
    <language clause>
  | <parameter style clause>
  | <SQL-data access indication>
  | <null-call clause>
  | <returned result sets characteristic>
  | NAME <external routine name>

<alter routine behavior> ::=
  RESTRICT

11.62 <drop routine statement>

<drop routine statement> ::=
  DROP <specific routine designator> <drop behavior>

11.63 <user-defined cast definition>

<user-defined cast definition> ::=
  CREATE CAST <left paren> <source data type> AS <target data type> <right paren>
      WITH <cast function>
      [ AS ASSIGNMENT ]

<cast function> ::=
  <specific routine designator>

<source data type> ::=
  <data type>

<target data type> ::=
  <data type>

11.64 <drop user-defined cast statement>

<drop user-defined cast statement> ::=
  DROP CAST <left paren> <source data type> AS <target data type> <right paren>
      <drop behavior>

11.65 <user-defined ordering definition>

<user-defined ordering definition> ::=
  CREATE ORDERING FOR <schema-resolved user-defined type name> <ordering form>

<ordering form> ::=
    <equals ordering form>
  | <full ordering form>

<equals ordering form> ::=
  EQUALS ONLY BY <ordering category>

<full ordering form> ::=
  ORDER FULL BY <ordering category>

<ordering category> ::=
    <relative category>
  | <map category>
  | <state category>

<relative category> ::=
  RELATIVE WITH <relative function specification>

<map category> ::=
  MAP WITH <map function specification>

<state category> ::=
  STATE [ <specific name> ]

<relative function specification> ::=
  <specific routine designator>

<map function specification> ::=
  <specific routine designator>

11.66 <drop user-defined ordering statement>

<drop user-defined ordering statement> ::=
  DROP ORDERING FOR <schema-resolved user-defined type name> <drop behavior>

11.67 <transform definition>

<transform definition> ::=
  CREATE { TRANSFORM | TRANSFORMS } FOR
      <schema-resolved user-defined type name> <transform group>...

<transform group> ::=
  <group name> <left paren> <transform element list> <right paren>

<group name> ::=
  <identifier>

<transform element list> ::=
  <transform element> [ <comma> <transform element> ]

<transform element> ::=
    <to sql>
  | <from sql>

<to sql> ::=
  TO SQL WITH <to sql function>

<from sql> ::=
  FROM SQL WITH <from sql function>

<to sql function> ::=
  <specific routine designator>

<from sql function> ::=
  <specific routine designator>

11.68 <alter transform statement>

<alter transform statement> ::=
  ALTER { TRANSFORM | TRANSFORMS }
      FOR <schema-resolved user-defined type name> <alter group>...

<alter group> ::=
  <group name> <left paren> <alter transform action list> <right paren>

<alter transform action list> ::=
  <alter transform action> [ { <comma> <alter transform action> }... ]

<alter transform action> ::=
    <add transform element list>
  | <drop transform element list>

11.69 <add transform element list>

<add transform element list> ::=
  ADD <left paren> <transform element list> <right paren>

11.70 <drop transform element list>

<drop transform element list> ::=
  DROP <left paren> <transform kind>
      [ <comma> <transform kind> ] <drop behavior> <right paren>

<transform kind> ::=
    TO SQL
  | FROM SQL

11.71 <drop transform statement>

<drop transform statement> ::=
  DROP { TRANSFORM | TRANSFORMS } <transforms to be dropped>
      FOR <schema-resolved user-defined type name> <drop behavior>

<transforms to be dropped> ::=
    ALL
  | <transform group element>

<transform group element> ::=
  <group name>

11.72 <sequence generator definition>

<sequence generator definition> ::=
  CREATE SEQUENCE <sequence generator name> [ <sequence generator options> ]

<sequence generator options> ::=
  <sequence generator option>...

<sequence generator option> ::=
    <sequence generator data type option>
  | <common sequence generator options>

<common sequence generator options> ::=
  <common sequence generator option>...

<common sequence generator option> ::=
    <sequence generator start with option>
  | <basic sequence generator option>

<basic sequence generator option> ::=
    <sequence generator increment by option>
  | <sequence generator maxvalue option>
  | <sequence generator minvalue option>
  | <sequence generator cycle option>

<sequence generator data type option> ::=
  AS <data type>

<sequence generator start with option> ::=
  START WITH <sequence generator start value>

<sequence generator start value> ::=
  <signed numeric literal>

<sequence generator increment by option> ::=
  INCREMENT BY <sequence generator increment>

<sequence generator increment> ::=
  <signed numeric literal>

<sequence generator maxvalue option> ::=
    MAXVALUE <sequence generator max value>
  | NO MAXVALUE

<sequence generator max value> ::=
  <signed numeric literal>

<sequence generator minvalue option> ::=
    MINVALUE <sequence generator min value>
  | NO MINVALUE

<sequence generator min value> ::=
  <signed numeric literal>

<sequence generator cycle option> ::=
    CYCLE
  | NO CYCLE

11.73 <alter sequence generator statement>

<alter sequence generator statement> ::=
  ALTER SEQUENCE <sequence generator name> <alter sequence generator options>

<alter sequence generator options> ::=
  <alter sequence generator option>...

<alter sequence generator option> ::=
    <alter sequence generator restart option>
  | <basic sequence generator option>

<alter sequence generator restart option> ::=
  RESTART [ WITH <sequence generator restart value> ]

<sequence generator restart value> ::=
  <signed numeric literal>

11.74 <drop sequence generator statement>

<drop sequence generator statement> ::=
  DROP SEQUENCE <sequence generator name> <drop behavior>

>     ]