398 lines
13 KiB
Text
398 lines
13 KiB
Text
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:toc: right
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:sectnums:
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:toclevels: 10
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:source-highlighter: pygments
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= simple-sql-parser
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== Overview
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A parser for SQL in Haskell. Also includes a pretty printer which
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formats output nicely. Current target is to parse most SQL:2011
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queries, plus a good subset of DDL, non-query DML, transaction
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management, access control and session management.
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This is the documentation for version 0.5.0. Documentation for other
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versions is available here:
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http://jakewheat.github.io/simple-sql-parser/.
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Status: covers a lot of queries already, but the public API is
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probably not very stable, since adding support for all the
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not-yet-supported ANSI SQL syntax, then other dialects of SQL is
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likely to change the abstract syntax types considerably.
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Release 0.5.0 is a checkpoint release since there hasn't been a
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release for a while.
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Tested with GHC 8.8.1, 8.6.5, 8.4.4 and 8.2.1.
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== Links
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* Haddock: link:haddock/index.html[]
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* Supported SQL: link:supported_sql.html[]
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* Test cases: link:test_cases.html[simple-sql-parser test cases]
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* Homepage: http://jakewheat.github.io/simple-sql-parser/latest
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* Hackage: http://hackage.haskell.org/package/simple-sql-parser
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* Repository: https://github.com/JakeWheat/simple-sql-parser
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* Bug tracker: https://github.com/JakeWheat/simple-sql-parser/issues
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* Changes: https://github.com/JakeWheat/simple-sql-parser/blob/master/changelog
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* Other versions: http://jakewheat.github.io/simple-sql-parser/
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* Parent project: http://jakewheat.github.io/
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* Contact: +++jakewheatmail@gmail.com+++
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The simple-sql-parser is a lot less simple than it used to be. If you
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just need to parse much simpler SQL than this, or want to start with a
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simpler parser and modify it slightly, you could also look at the
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basic query parser in the intro_to_parsing project, the code is here:
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link:https://github.com/JakeWheat/intro_to_parsing/blob/master/SimpleSQLQueryParser0.lhs[SimpleSQLQueryParser].
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== Feature support
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* query expressions
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** select lists
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** from clause
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** where clause
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** group by clause
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** having clause
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** order by clause
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** offset and fetch
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** set operators
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** common table expressions
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** wide range of scalar expressions
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* DDL (ansi dialect)
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** create,drop schema
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** create, alter, drop table
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** create, drop view
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** create, alter, drop domain
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** create, drop assertion
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** create, alter, drop sequence
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* non-query DML
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** delete
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** truncate
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** insert
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** update
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* Access control
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** grant, revoke - permissions and roles
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** create, drop role
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* Transaction management
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** begin, commit, rollback, savepoints
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See the link:supported_sql.html[] page for details on
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the supported SQL.
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Here is all the link:test_cases.html[simple-sql-parser test cases]
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rendered in a webpage so you can get an idea of what it supports.
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== Examples
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Simple expression:
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[source,sql]
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----
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select a + b * c
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----
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Parsed AST:
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[source,haskell]
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----
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Select{qeSetQuantifier = All,
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qeSelectList =
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[(BinOp (Iden (Name "a")) (Name "+")
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(BinOp (Iden (Name "b")) (Name "*") (Iden (Name "c"))),
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Nothing)],
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qeFrom = [], qeWhere = Nothing, qeGroupBy = [], qeHaving = Nothing,
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qeOrderBy = [], qeOffset = Nothing, qeFetchFirst = Nothing}
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----
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TPC-H query 21:
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[source,sql]
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----
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select
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s_name,
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count(*) as numwait
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from
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supplier,
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lineitem l1,
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orders,
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nation
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where
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s_suppkey = l1.l_suppkey
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and o_orderkey = l1.l_orderkey
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and o_orderstatus = 'F'
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and l1.l_receiptdate > l1.l_commitdate
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and exists (
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select
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*
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from
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lineitem l2
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where
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l2.l_orderkey = l1.l_orderkey
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and l2.l_suppkey <> l1.l_suppkey
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)
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and not exists (
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select
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*
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from
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lineitem l3
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where
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l3.l_orderkey = l1.l_orderkey
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and l3.l_suppkey <> l1.l_suppkey
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and l3.l_receiptdate > l3.l_commitdate
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)
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and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
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and n_name = 'INDIA'
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group by
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s_name
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order by
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numwait desc,
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s_name
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fetch first 100 rows only;
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----
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Parsed:
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[source,haskell]
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----
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Select{qeSetQuantifier = All,
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qeSelectList =
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[(Iden (Name "s_name"), Nothing),
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(App (Name "count") [Star], Just (Name "numwait"))],
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qeFrom =
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[TRSimple (Name "supplier"),
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TRAlias (TRSimple (Name "lineitem")) (Alias (Name "l1") Nothing),
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TRSimple (Name "orders"), TRSimple (Name "nation")],
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qeWhere =
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Just
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(BinOp
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(BinOp
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(BinOp
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(BinOp
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(BinOp
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(BinOp
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(BinOp
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(BinOp (Iden (Name "s_suppkey")) (Name "=")
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(BinOp (Iden (Name "l1")) (Name ".")
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(Iden (Name "l_suppkey"))))
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(Name "and")
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(BinOp (Iden (Name "o_orderkey")) (Name "=")
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(BinOp (Iden (Name "l1")) (Name ".")
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(Iden (Name "l_orderkey")))))
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(Name "and")
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(BinOp (Iden (Name "o_orderstatus")) (Name "=") (StringLit "F")))
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(Name "and")
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(BinOp
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(BinOp (Iden (Name "l1")) (Name ".") (Iden (Name "l_receiptdate")))
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(Name ">")
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(BinOp (Iden (Name "l1")) (Name ".")
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(Iden (Name "l_commitdate")))))
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(Name "and")
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(SubQueryExpr SqExists
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(Select{qeSetQuantifier = All, qeSelectList = [(Star, Nothing)],
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qeFrom =
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[TRAlias (TRSimple (Name "lineitem"))
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(Alias (Name "l2") Nothing)],
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qeWhere =
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Just
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(BinOp
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(BinOp
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(BinOp (Iden (Name "l2")) (Name ".")
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(Iden (Name "l_orderkey")))
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(Name "=")
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(BinOp (Iden (Name "l1")) (Name ".")
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(Iden (Name "l_orderkey"))))
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(Name "and")
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(BinOp
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(BinOp (Iden (Name "l2")) (Name ".")
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(Iden (Name "l_suppkey")))
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(Name "<>")
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(BinOp (Iden (Name "l1")) (Name ".")
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(Iden (Name "l_suppkey"))))),
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qeGroupBy = [], qeHaving = Nothing, qeOrderBy = [],
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qeOffset = Nothing, qeFetchFirst = Nothing})))
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(Name "and")
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(PrefixOp (Name "not")
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(SubQueryExpr SqExists
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(Select{qeSetQuantifier = All, qeSelectList = [(Star, Nothing)],
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qeFrom =
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[TRAlias (TRSimple (Name "lineitem"))
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(Alias (Name "l3") Nothing)],
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qeWhere =
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Just
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(BinOp
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(BinOp
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(BinOp
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(BinOp (Iden (Name "l3")) (Name ".")
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(Iden (Name "l_orderkey")))
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(Name "=")
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(BinOp (Iden (Name "l1")) (Name ".")
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(Iden (Name "l_orderkey"))))
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(Name "and")
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(BinOp
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(BinOp (Iden (Name "l3")) (Name ".")
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(Iden (Name "l_suppkey")))
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(Name "<>")
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(BinOp (Iden (Name "l1")) (Name ".")
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(Iden (Name "l_suppkey")))))
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(Name "and")
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(BinOp
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(BinOp (Iden (Name "l3")) (Name ".")
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(Iden (Name "l_receiptdate")))
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(Name ">")
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(BinOp (Iden (Name "l3")) (Name ".")
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(Iden (Name "l_commitdate"))))),
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qeGroupBy = [], qeHaving = Nothing, qeOrderBy = [],
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qeOffset = Nothing, qeFetchFirst = Nothing}))))
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(Name "and")
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(BinOp (Iden (Name "s_nationkey")) (Name "=")
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(Iden (Name "n_nationkey"))))
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(Name "and")
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(BinOp (Iden (Name "n_name")) (Name "=") (StringLit "INDIA"))),
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qeGroupBy = [SimpleGroup (Iden (Name "s_name"))],
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qeHaving = Nothing,
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qeOrderBy =
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[SortSpec (Iden (Name "numwait")) Desc NullsOrderDefault,
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SortSpec (Iden (Name "s_name")) Asc NullsOrderDefault],
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qeOffset = Nothing, qeFetchFirst = Just (NumLit "100")})
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----
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Output from the simple-sql-parser pretty printer:
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[source,sql]
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----
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select s_name, count(*) as numwait
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from supplier,
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lineitem as l1,
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orders,
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nation
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where s_suppkey = l1.l_suppkey
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and o_orderkey = l1.l_orderkey
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and o_orderstatus = 'F'
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and l1.l_receiptdate > l1.l_commitdate
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and exists (select *
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from lineitem as l2
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where l2.l_orderkey = l1.l_orderkey
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and l2.l_suppkey <> l1.l_suppkey)
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and not exists (select *
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from lineitem as l3
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where l3.l_orderkey = l1.l_orderkey
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and l3.l_suppkey <> l1.l_suppkey
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and l3.l_receiptdate > l3.l_commitdate)
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and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
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and n_name = 'INDIA'
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group by s_name
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order by numwait desc, s_name
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fetch first 100 rows only;
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----
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Parsing some SQL and printing the AST:
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[source,haskell]
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----
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import System.Environment
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import Text.Show.Pretty
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import System.IO
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import Language.SQL.SimpleSQL.Parse
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(parseStatements
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,ParseError
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,peFormattedError)
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import Language.SQL.SimpleSQL.Syntax (ansi2011, Statement)
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main :: IO ()
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main = do
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args <- getArgs
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case args of
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[] -> do
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-- read from stdin
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c <- getContents
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doIt c
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["-s", sql] -> do
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-- parse arg given
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doIt sql
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[f] ->
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-- read file
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withFile f ReadMode (\h -> do
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x <- hGetContents h
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doIt x)
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_ -> do
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putStrLn "use no arguments to stream sql from stdin, e.g.:\n\
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\ cat some.sql | SimpleSQLParserExample\n\
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\n\
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\use -s to parse sql on command line, e.g.:\n\
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\ SimpleSQLParserExample -s \"select * from t\"\n\
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\use a single arg to parse a file, e.g.\n\
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\ SimpleSQLParserExample some.sql"
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doIt :: String -> IO ()
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doIt src = do
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let parsed :: Either ParseError [Statement]
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parsed = parseStatements ansi2011 "" Nothing src
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either (error . peFormattedError)
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(putStrLn . ppShow)
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parsed
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----
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== Installation
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Installing the latest release from Hackage.
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----
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cabal v2-update && cabal v2-install simple-sql-parser
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----
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Working with the latest development version:
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----
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git clone https://github.com/JakeWheat/simple-sql-parser.git
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cd simple-sql-parser
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cabal v2-build
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----
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=== Running the tests
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Get the source using 'cabal unpack' or 'git clone', then change to the
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source directory.
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You can run the tests using cabal:
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----
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cabal v2-test
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----
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Or you can run them directly which gives more options. The tests use
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tasty, which provides the command line options. --hide-successes
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with --ansi-tricks=false so it works is a good option to use:
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----
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cabal new-run test:Tests -- --hide-successes --ansi-tricks=false
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----
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== Reporting bugs
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Please report bugs here:
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https://github.com/JakeWheat/simple-sql-parser/issues
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A good bug report (or feature request) should have an example of the
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SQL which is failing.
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Feature requests are welcome, but please note that there is no-one
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generally available to work on these, so you should either make a pull
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request, or find someone willing to write the fixes and make a pull
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request.
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I wrote a tutorial on parsing SQL here:
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http://jakewheat.github.io/intro_to_parsing/
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